Analisa Hukum Menunda Membayar Hutang dalam Prespektif Hukum Islam: Kajian Kitab “Al-Wajiz Fi Fiqhi As-Sunnah Wa Al-Kitab Al-Aziz”

Abstract

This study aims to examine the concept of Islamic law regarding the postponement of debt repayment as explained in the book Al-Wajiz fi Fiqhi As-Sunnah wa Al-Kitab Al-Aziz by Dr. Abdul Azhim Badawi. The focus of this research is to understand the Islamic legal perspective on debt repayment delays, both in terms of legal rulings and their impact on justice in society. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, where primary data are directly sourced from the aforementioned book, supported by secondary literature comprising other Islamic legal references. The analysis highlights relevant verses from the Qur'an, the Prophet Muhammad's (peace be upon him) traditions, and scholarly views on the ethics and rulings of debt repayment.The findings reveal that Islamic law places significant emphasis on the obligation to repay debts on time as an act of trust. Delays in repayment without a valid excuse are deemed an act of injustice that harms the creditor. However, Islam also provides leniency for those genuinely unable to pay by recommending the granting of an extension or even debt forgiveness as a virtuous act. In conclusion, the concept of debt repayment delays in Islamic law is based on principles of justice, mutual assistance, and the protection of the rights of both parties. This study is expected to contribute to the understanding of Islamic legal aspects related to financial transactions in modern society.